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锦才告诉你如何破解雅思阅读长句子

2025-07-30 18:09:22

 雅思阅读长句破解五步法:

 

 第一步:

找到主干(主语 + 谓语 宾语)

 

先忽略修饰,找出句子的骨架,理解谁干了什么

 

例句:

The changes introduced by the committee to improve safety in the factories have been welcomed by workers.

 

主干是:

→ The changes(主语)

→ have been welcomed(谓语)

 

其余都是定语修饰成分。




 第二步:

划分结构块(介词短语、定语从句、插入语)

 

用逗号、连接词(that, which, although 等)、介词(in, by, to)等来断开句子结构,帮助你读懂每一部分。

 

继续上面例句:

The changes / introduced by the committee / to improve safety in the factories

 “introduced by…” 是过去分词短语,修饰 changes 

“to improve…” 是不定式短语,表示目的

 



 第三步:

理清从句类型(定语、宾语、状语、同位语)

 

定语从句 → 修饰名词(which, that, who…

宾语从句 → 充当动词宾语(that…

状语从句 → 表示时间、原因、让步等(when, because, although…

同位语从句 → 补充说明名词(the fact that…

 

 

例句:

The fact that the Earth is round was once controversial.

 

这是同位语从句,说明“the fact”的内容。

 

第四步:

理清逻辑关系(因果、对比、转折、让步)

 

掌握常见逻辑连接词,能迅速抓住句子重点,判断作者态度。

关系

常见词汇

因果

because, due to, since, so

对比

while, whereas, in contrast

让步

although, though, even if

转折

however, but, yet

举例

for example, such as

 

第五步:

翻译+压缩成自己的简化句

 

把复杂结构翻译成简单明了的自己能懂的句子,不求逐词翻译,抓住意思就好。




实战演练

 

原句(剑桥真题例句):

 

The ability of a species to adapt to changing environmental conditions is a key factor that determines whether it will survive or become extinct.

 

步骤分析:

 

找主干:

 

→ The ability … is a key factor

 

(主语是能力,谓语是

 

 找修饰:

 

→ of a species(修饰 ability

 

→ to adapt to changing environmental conditions(不定式修饰 ability

 

→ that determines…(定语从句,修饰 factor

 

→ whether…(宾语从句)

 

 

逻辑关系:这是个解释+条件句

 

→ 什么因素决定生存或灭绝:能否适应环境变化

 

 

简化理解:

 

→ 一个物种能否生存,取决于它适应环境变化的能力。

 

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